The Evolution of the Adductor Canal Block: The Emerging Technique for Motor-Sparing Analgesia to the Knee
Abstract
This article summarizes current relevant data regarding the adductor canal block. It provides readers with background information of this emerging technique, including history, review of literature, relevant anatomy,and the technique itself.
References
1 Van der Wal M, Lang SA, Yip RW. Transsartorial approach for saphenous nerve block. Can J Anaesth. 1993;40(6):542-546.
2 Horn J, Pitsch T, Salinas F, et al. Anatomic basis to the ultrasound-guided approach for saphenous nerve blockade.Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009;34(5):486-489.
3 Manickam B, Perlas A, Duggan E, et al. Feasibility and efficacy of ultrasound-guided block of the saphenous nerve in the adductor canal. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009;34(6):578-580.
4 Sharma S, Iorio R, Specht L, et al. Complications of femoral nerve block for total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop RelatRes. 2010;468(1):135-140. Published online August 13, 2009. doi: PMCID: MC2795813.
5 Lund J, Jenstrup T, Jaeger P, et al. Continuous adductorcanal-blockade for adjuvant post-operative analgesia after major knee surgery: preliminary results. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2011;55:14–19.
6 Saranteas T, Anagnostis G, Paraskeuopoulos T, et al. Anatomy and clinical implications of the ultrasound-guided subsartorial saphenous nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011;36(4):399-402.
7 Karpoor R, Adhikary D, Siefring C, et al. The saphenous nerve and its relationship to the nerve to the vastus medialis in and around the adductor canal: an anatomical study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56(3):365-367.
8 Jaeger P, Grevstad M, Henningsen B, et al. Effect of adductor-canal-blockade on established, severe post-operative pain after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56(8):1013-1019.
9 Jenstrup MT, Jaeger P, Lund J, et al. Effects of adductorcanal-blockade on pain and ambulation after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56(3):357-64.
10 Henningsen MH, Jaeger P, Hilsted KL, et al. Prevalence of saphenous nerve injury after adductor-canal-blockade in patients receiving total knee arthroplasty. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2013;57(1):112-117.
11 Mudumbai SC, Kim TE, Howard SK, et al. Continuous adductor canal blocks are superior to continuous femoral nerve blocks in promoting early ambulation after TKA. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013. Published Online July 2013. http://www.clinorthop.org/Journals/Online_First.html. Last accessed Nov 2013
12 Jaeger P, Neilsen Z, Henningsen MH, et al. Adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block and quadriceps strength: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology. 2013;118(2):409-415.
13 Kwofie M, Shastri U, Gadsden J, et al. The effects of ultrasound-guided adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block on quadriceps strength and fall risk: a blinded, randomized trial of volunteers. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(4):321-325.
14 Perlas A, Kirkham K, Billing R, et al. The impact of analgesic modality on early ambulation following total knee arthroplasty. Reg
Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(4):334-339.
15 Ilfield B, Hadzic A. Walking the tightrope after knee surgery: optimizing postoperative analgesia while minimizing quadriceps weakness. Anesthesiology. 2013;118(2):248-250.
16 Hanson N, Derby R, Auyong DB, et al. Ultrasound-guided adductor canal block for arthroscopic medial meniscectomy: a randomized, double-blind trial. Can J Anaesth. 2013;60(9):874-880.
17 Espelund M, Fomsgaard J, Haraszuk J, et al. Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided adductor canal blockade after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2013;30(7):422-428.
18 Beilin B, Bessler H, Mayburd E, et al. Effects of preemptive analgesia on pain and cytokine production in the postoperative period. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:151-155.
19 Freise H, Daudel F, Grosserichter C, et al. Thoracic epidural anesthesia reverses sepsis-induced hepatic hyperperfusion and reduces leukocyte adhesion in septic rats. Crit Care. 2009;13:R116.
20 Le Bars D, Adam F. Nociceptors and mediators in acute inflammatory pain. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2002;21:315-335.
21 Sheeran P, Hall GM. Cytokines in anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 1997;78:201-219.
22 Watkins LR, Maier SF, Goehler LE. Immune activation: the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflammation, illness responses and pathological pain states. Pain. 1995;63:289-302.
23 Andersen H, Gyrn J, Moller L, et al. Continuous saphenous nerve block as supplement to single-dose local infiltration analgesia for postoperative pain management after total knee arthroplasty.Reg
Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(2):106-111.
24 Hadzic, A. Chapter 35. In: Texbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. New York, NY: McGraw Hill;2007:500.
25 Hadzic, A. Chaper 5. In: Texbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. New York, NY: McGraw Hill;2007:94-98.
26 Hadzic, A. Chapter 5. In: Texbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. New York, NY: McGraw Hill;2007:94-95.
2 Horn J, Pitsch T, Salinas F, et al. Anatomic basis to the ultrasound-guided approach for saphenous nerve blockade.Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009;34(5):486-489.
3 Manickam B, Perlas A, Duggan E, et al. Feasibility and efficacy of ultrasound-guided block of the saphenous nerve in the adductor canal. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009;34(6):578-580.
4 Sharma S, Iorio R, Specht L, et al. Complications of femoral nerve block for total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop RelatRes. 2010;468(1):135-140. Published online August 13, 2009. doi: PMCID: MC2795813.
5 Lund J, Jenstrup T, Jaeger P, et al. Continuous adductorcanal-blockade for adjuvant post-operative analgesia after major knee surgery: preliminary results. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2011;55:14–19.
6 Saranteas T, Anagnostis G, Paraskeuopoulos T, et al. Anatomy and clinical implications of the ultrasound-guided subsartorial saphenous nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2011;36(4):399-402.
7 Karpoor R, Adhikary D, Siefring C, et al. The saphenous nerve and its relationship to the nerve to the vastus medialis in and around the adductor canal: an anatomical study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56(3):365-367.
8 Jaeger P, Grevstad M, Henningsen B, et al. Effect of adductor-canal-blockade on established, severe post-operative pain after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56(8):1013-1019.
9 Jenstrup MT, Jaeger P, Lund J, et al. Effects of adductorcanal-blockade on pain and ambulation after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2012;56(3):357-64.
10 Henningsen MH, Jaeger P, Hilsted KL, et al. Prevalence of saphenous nerve injury after adductor-canal-blockade in patients receiving total knee arthroplasty. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2013;57(1):112-117.
11 Mudumbai SC, Kim TE, Howard SK, et al. Continuous adductor canal blocks are superior to continuous femoral nerve blocks in promoting early ambulation after TKA. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013. Published Online July 2013. http://www.clinorthop.org/Journals/Online_First.html. Last accessed Nov 2013
12 Jaeger P, Neilsen Z, Henningsen MH, et al. Adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block and quadriceps strength: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology. 2013;118(2):409-415.
13 Kwofie M, Shastri U, Gadsden J, et al. The effects of ultrasound-guided adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block on quadriceps strength and fall risk: a blinded, randomized trial of volunteers. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(4):321-325.
14 Perlas A, Kirkham K, Billing R, et al. The impact of analgesic modality on early ambulation following total knee arthroplasty. Reg
Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(4):334-339.
15 Ilfield B, Hadzic A. Walking the tightrope after knee surgery: optimizing postoperative analgesia while minimizing quadriceps weakness. Anesthesiology. 2013;118(2):248-250.
16 Hanson N, Derby R, Auyong DB, et al. Ultrasound-guided adductor canal block for arthroscopic medial meniscectomy: a randomized, double-blind trial. Can J Anaesth. 2013;60(9):874-880.
17 Espelund M, Fomsgaard J, Haraszuk J, et al. Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided adductor canal blockade after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2013;30(7):422-428.
18 Beilin B, Bessler H, Mayburd E, et al. Effects of preemptive analgesia on pain and cytokine production in the postoperative period. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:151-155.
19 Freise H, Daudel F, Grosserichter C, et al. Thoracic epidural anesthesia reverses sepsis-induced hepatic hyperperfusion and reduces leukocyte adhesion in septic rats. Crit Care. 2009;13:R116.
20 Le Bars D, Adam F. Nociceptors and mediators in acute inflammatory pain. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2002;21:315-335.
21 Sheeran P, Hall GM. Cytokines in anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 1997;78:201-219.
22 Watkins LR, Maier SF, Goehler LE. Immune activation: the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflammation, illness responses and pathological pain states. Pain. 1995;63:289-302.
23 Andersen H, Gyrn J, Moller L, et al. Continuous saphenous nerve block as supplement to single-dose local infiltration analgesia for postoperative pain management after total knee arthroplasty.Reg
Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(2):106-111.
24 Hadzic, A. Chapter 35. In: Texbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. New York, NY: McGraw Hill;2007:500.
25 Hadzic, A. Chaper 5. In: Texbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. New York, NY: McGraw Hill;2007:94-98.
26 Hadzic, A. Chapter 5. In: Texbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. New York, NY: McGraw Hill;2007:94-95.
Published
2014-12-11
How to Cite
KLINE, CRNA, MSN, Jonathan P.
The Evolution of the Adductor Canal Block: The Emerging Technique for Motor-Sparing Analgesia to the Knee.
Anesthesia eJournal, [S.l.], v. 1, n. 2, dec. 2014.
ISSN 2333-2611.
Available at: <https://anesthesiaejournal.com/index.php/aej/article/view/5>. Date accessed: 18 apr. 2024.
Issue
Section
Articles
Keywords
adductor canal; ultrasound, saphenous nerve block
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